The Best External Hard Drives of 2024

Back up your songs, photos, and files with these external hard drives

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An external drive is incredibly convenient for adding storage to a desktop computer or laptop.

They're also portable and one of the best ways to move huge archives of media, data, and other files without waiting hours for terabytes of data to upload.

Given the massive capacity of some of these drives, they're also an excellent solution for backing up files, images, music, and more.

Read on for our picks of the best external hard drives currently available.

Best Overall

WD My Passport Portable SSD

Wd-my-passport-portable-ssd

Amazon

Pros
  • Small and portable

  • Great value

  • Nice build quality

  • Fast

Cons
  • Gets a bit warm

External SSDs are robust, portable tools, and they don’t get much more portable than the WD My Passport SSD. This diminutive drive is small and light enough to go anywhere you do, protecting your data and providing fast access to it on the go.

Available in variants from 500GB to 4TB, the My Passport is capable of storing everything you need, and its 10Gbps USB 3.2 Gen 2 connection allows it to achieve speeds up to 1.05Gbps if your system is up to the challenge.

Andy confirmed these speeds in testing and noted that the 1050/1000MBps read/write make it future-proof for quite a long time. Its metal casing is rugged and dependable, and WD’s 5-year warranty backs up the drive.

If you need a reliable, extremely portable SSD, the WD My Passport is a tremendous value-oriented option.

Capacity: 500GB | Interface: USB 3.2 | Transfer Speeds: 1.05GB/s | Form Factor: 2.5 inches

Best Splurge

Seagate Backup Plus Hub

Seagate-backup-plus-hub-6tb-stel6000100

Amazon

Pros
  • Massive capacity

  • Great value for size

  • Solid speed

Cons
  • A few interrupted connections

  • Must reformat for Mac OS

If cost is no concern, we recommend the Seagate Backup Plus Hub. It houses SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording) drives, which allow more physical bits of memory in the same space without decreasing the size of the bits. This drive offers a lot of capacity — available in 3TB, 4TB, 6TB, and 8TB versions — and is fast and flexible.

At 4.6 inches tall, it's a bit larger than some portable external drives, but it'll easily slip into a backpack, bag, or briefcase. On the plus side, for portability, it's rugged: Our reviewer, Erika, purposely scratched it with a coin and a pen, and there were no noticeable marks.

Our benchmarks also returned solid results for a 5,400 RPM drive, with steady read rates at around 169 MB/s and an average write rate of about 159 MB/s in CrystalDiskMark.

Seagate Backup Plus Hub 6TB

 Lifewire / Claire Cohen

Capacity: 4TB to 10TB | Interface: USB 3.0 | Transfer Speeds: 160 MB/s | Form Factor: 4.6 inches

Best Portable

Toshiba Canvio Advance 3TB Portable Hard Drive HDTC930XR3CA

Toshiba-canvio-advance-3tb-portable-hard-drive-hdtc930xr3ca

Amazon

Pros
  • Compact

  • Stays cool

  • Good speed

Cons
  • Must reformat for Mac OS

Not much bigger than a deck of cards, Toshiba's Canvio Advance portable hard drive offers 1TB, 2TB, 3TB, and 4TB models to fill with as much media as possible. It plugs into your Mac or PC with USB 3.0 and USB 2.0. It also features an internal shock sensor to ensure your data isn't corrupted if the drive is jostled.

The Canvio Advance is compact and sleek; our reviewer called it "the little red dress of hard drives—small and simple, yet eye-catching." It's also quiet: Erika could not get a decibel reading over the background noise in her testing space.

While its transfer speeds won't blow anyone out of the water, it performed admirably in our benchmarks, clocking in at 143 MB/s read speed and write speed at 144 MB/s for a 1GB file (via CrystalDiskMark).

Toshiba Canvio Advance

Lifewire / Erika Rawes

Capacity: 1TB to 4TB | Interface: USB 3.0, USB 2.0 | Transfer Speeds: Up to 5 GB/s (USB 3.0), Up to 480 MB/s (USB 2.0) | Form Factor: 2.5 inches

Biggest Storage Capacity

Western Digital Elements 10TB

Western-digital-elements-10tb-desktop

Amazon

Pros
  • Tons of space

  • Relatively cheap

  • Simple to use

Cons
  • Bulky design

  • Needs external power

For documents, music, and a little light gaming, a 2TB hard drive is perfect, but storage needs can bubble in no time if you're a heavier user, especially when you add 4K video to your bottomless nests of folders. That's why products like Western Digital's Elements Drive are fantastic. The 10TB model is not a throwaway purchase in terms of price but represents a substantial value in supplemental storage.

This bulky thing weighs over two pounds and measures like a thick book, but it's easy to bump and topple over at only two inches wide. However, the bulk is a plus in some ways: a more spacious interior ultimately dissipates heat faster. It's also a speedy workhorse for an external HDD; Yoona benched write and read speeds of 180MB/s and 186MB/s, respectively, and moved the 98GB of NBA 2K in an hour and seven minutes.

WD Elements Desktop

Lifewire / Yoona Wagener

Capacity: 3TB to 18TB | Interface: USB 3.0 | Transfer Speeds: 180MB/s (write) and 186MB/s (read) | Form Factor: 6.5 inches

Best for Apple

LaCie Rugged 2TB Thunderbolt

Lacie-rugged-2tb-thunderbolt-usb-c-portable-hard-drive

Amazon

Pros
  • Extremely durable

  • Integrated connecting cable

  • Large capacity

Cons
  • Expensive

  • Easily disconnects

With its distinctive rubber bumpers and brushed aluminum chassis, LaCie's Rugged 2TB drive offers drop resistance up to 5 feet, crush resistance that can withstand up to a 1-ton car, and IP54 water and dust resistance. Our reviewer, Andy, says that some of the drive's durability relies on a detachable silicon seal over the Thunderbolt port, which is easy to forget when walking out the door.

However, you won't have to worry about losing your connecting cable, as the LaCie (available in 2 to 8 TB capacities) has an attached USB cord in your favorite standard (USB-C, USB-C Thunderbolt, Thunderbolt, or USB 3.0). While the SSD version is rated at 510 MB/s, the HDD version was slower in our testing, delivering 130 Mb/s read/write speed in our benchmarks.

The main advantages here are the broad compatibility (particularly with Apple devices) and the excellent durability, though setting up can be a bit of a bear. After extensive trial and error, Andy realized a formatting issue prevented it from working on a PC.

LaCie Rugged Thunderbolt

Lifewire / Andy Zahn 

Capacity: 2TB to 8TB | Interface: USB-C, Thunderbolt | Transfer Speeds: 130 MB/s | Form Factor: Portable

Best for Gaming

Western Digital WD_BLACK P50 Game Drive SSD

WD-black-p50-game-drive-ssd

Amazon

Pros
  • Extremely fast data transfer speeds

  • Compact and portable

  • Rugged and durable design

Cons
  • Expensive

  • Runs hot

Gamers and creative professionals demand a high level of performance from their storage mediums, and it's for those rigorous tasks that the WD_BLACK P50 Game Drive is designed.

This external SSD features USB 3.2 Gen 2x2 with its 20Gbps capability and the drive capable of 2000MBps read/write speeds. While your current PC or console may need to be up to that high standard, the P50 is a drive built to endure and remain relevant for years.

A rugged aluminum frame protects it and has a fierce military-style aesthetic. Our reviewer liked the sturdy build, designed to withstand rough usage, and the "cool" factor, which is not typical of storage devices.

Though pricey, the WD_BLACK P50 Game Drive is a future-proof storage device that'll safeguard your data and power your games and creativity.

WD Black P50 Game Drive

Lifewire / Andy Zahn

Capacity: 1TB | Interface: USB 3.2 | Transfer Speeds: 2000MB/s | Form Factor: 2.5 inches 

What to Look For in an External Hard Drive

Digital storage is changing. Internal storage drives are getting bigger, cloud storage is getting cheaper, and USB drives are getting less common. But that doesn't necessarily negate the need for an excellent external hard drive — sometimes, they're the best way to go.

Buying a hard drive is more complex than purchasing the first (or cheapest) one you see. There are several factors to consider when purchasing an external storage drive.

For starters, you'll want to decide between a hard drive and a solid-state drive, offering significant advantages and disadvantages. You'll also want to consider drive speed, hard drive format, connectivity, and exceptional protection features.

Before diving into our guide, you should know a few terms. You'll most likely decide between a drive of multiple gigabytes (GB) or multiple terabytes (TB). One terabyte is 1,000 gigabytes, and one gigabyte is 1,000 megabytes (MB). An MP3 file takes around 3.5MB, meaning one gigabyte can store about 285 songs. One HD movie takes up around 3.5GB — so one terabyte can hold 285 HD movies.

Here's everything to consider when buying an external drive.

Western Digital My Passport
Lifewire / Quentin Washington 

Storage Size

The most important thing to consider is the size of your drive. We’re not talking about how physically big, but rather, how much storage you want. It’s hard to recommend a storage size because it varies from person to person and largely depends on what you plan on storing. However, a good rule of thumb is determining how much storage you think you’ll need and then buying a double drive.

If you plan on storing documents only, you probably don’t need much more than 80GB. If you’re storing a small to medium music collection and photos, then up to 256GB should be acceptable. The amount you need for storing movies and other video content could range into multiple terabytes, especially if the movies are in 4K. Ultimately, getting more storage than you think you’ll need is always good — even if it means shelling out more money.

Types of External Drives

There are two main types of external storage drives, and while they ultimately serve the same purpose, the way they store files is markedly different.

Hard Drive (HDD)

Traditionally, if you wanted a storage drive, it meant buying a hard disk drive. There are some advantages and some disadvantages to this. For starters, hard disk drives have been around for quite some time, so they've become relatively cheap. They store files on an electromagnetic disk that spins around and is read by a moving arm.

Because of those moving parts, they're much more likely to break with a lot of movement. The speed of a hard disk drive is dictated by how fast the electromagnetic disk spins, and they're generally slower than solid-state drives. (We'll get more into the different speeds later.) Hard disk drives are the way to go; however, if you want a lot of storage at a low price and don't plan on moving them a lot.

Solid-State Drive (SSD)

Solid-state drives do away with the moving electromagnetic disk and replace it with flash storage. That’s the same kind of storage used in smartphones, RAM in computers, and, these days, many of the internal storage drives in computers.

Solid-state storage uses microchips to store information, so no moving parts exist. That means a lower failure rate, higher speed, and better overall performance. In particular, they’re great for running software or an operating system.

Of course, price is a downside to all of those advantages. Solid-state drives are much more expensive than hard disk drives, and while they are going down in price, you can’t get multi-terabyte solid-state drives without spending at least a few hundred dollars.

ADATA SD700

 Lifewire / Yoona Wagener

Transfer Speed

The transfer speed of a hard drive depends on the type of connector the hard drive comes with. Newer connection standards have higher transfer speeds. The term “transfer speed” is technically a little misleading, as it doesn’t dictate precisely how fast a hard drive can transfer files to and from your computer.

Instead, it tells you how fast a hard drive can theoretically transfer files based on the connection protocol the hard drive uses.

In the past, the connector was the main limiting factor in how fast a drive could transfer files: USB 2.0 hard drives, in the real world, could transfer data at up to 20 MB/second, while FireWire 800 drives limited things to 85 MB/second.

These days, the newer USB 3.0 standard allows for data transfer at up to 460 MB/second, while Thunderbolt has speeds of over 1GB/second. Because of that, the connection type isn’t the bottleneck. Instead, the speed is dictated by how fast the hard drive can read and write data, referred to as the read/write speed.

Read/Write Speed

Read/write speeds refer to how quickly a hard drive can access the files stored within it — not how fast they transfer to or from a computer. The "read" speed refers to how quickly a hard drive can access a stored file, while the "write" speed refers to how quickly a drive can save a new file.

Given the development in transfer protocols, read/write speeds are a much better indicator of how fast your hard drive will be able to transfer files than "transfer speed," especially when it comes to hard disk drives.

Read/write speeds change a lot depending on whether it's an HDD or SDD; even within those categories, there can be some variation. As mentioned, HDDs have a spinning disk inside of them, and the rate at which drives can access data depends on how quickly that disk spins. Commonly, drives spin at 5,400RPM, or rotations per minute, and drives at that speed generally have a read/write speed of around 100MB/s. Some HDDs have a physical speed of 7,200 RPM, which allows for a slightly faster read/write speed of 120MB/s.

Read/write speeds can vary a lot with SSDs, but typically, they range from 200MB/s at the slowest to multiple GB per second at the fastest. If all you're doing is transferring files, then any of those speeds should be more than enough, but if you're using your drive to store software or your operating system, something on the fast end might help. In that case, look for speeds of 500MB/s or more.

Western Digital drive
Lifewire / Quentin Washington

Network Connectivity

While most consumer-level hard drives connect to your computer through a USB cable, some offer network connectivity, meaning you can access your hard drive from any computer or phone on the same network. That can be helpful for those with multiple computers set up and who want to use an external hard drive to back up files and transfer files between computers.

You can give any external hard drive network features by simply plugging it into your router — providing it has a compatible port — but it will require a bit more tweaking to get set up correctly. Still, special network-connected drives have some advantages.

For example, so-called Network Attached Storage, or NAS, can be used as a media server by apps like Plex, while standard router-connected drives aren’t necessarily able to do so. NAS is a little more expensive, but it’s also often expandable thanks to extra slots in the enclosure, which can accept more actual hard drives.

Ports

The kind of port or ports that your hard drive uses to connect to a computer is very much linked to transfer speed. Most hard drives connect to a computer in the form of a USB. That could mean the now-outdated USB 2.0 or the newer USB 3.0 or USB 3.1, and if it is USB 3.1, it could also connect through a USB-C connector while still using the USB 3.1 standard.

Other ports, which are increasingly less common, include FireWire 400 and FireWire 800, though fewer and fewer computers support those ports, so you should be wary of that when purchasing.

We recommend looking for a hard drive with USB 3.1 support and a USB-C connector, especially if your computer is relatively new. It might mean buying an adapter with your current computer that may not have USB-C, but when you upgrade to a new computer, your external hard drive will stay usable.

Check out our guide to the best USB-C adapters available.

Seagate external drive
Lifewire / Claire Cohen

Format

External hard drives come in a few different formats, though it's easy to reformat a hard drive if you buy the wrong kind. Here's a quick rundown.

NTFS is the most common format for new external hard drives and works with Windows computers. Unfortunately, it doesn't work as well with any other operating system. Macs can read NTFS-formatted hard drives but can't write to them.

HFS+, which stands for "Hierarchical File System," is a hard drive format that works much better with Macs, and it's an improvement on the older HFS format in that it can support larger file types. Unfortunately, HFS+ drives don't work with Windows computers. HFS+ drives are the way for those who plan to use them, with Macs running slightly older macOS versions.

APFS is a newer hard drive format that works with Mac computers, but it only works with Macs running macOS High Sierra or later. Like HFS+ drives, Windows computers can't read APFS drives.

exFAT is essentially a mix of NTFS and FAT32, an older drive format that's no longer in use. There are several advantages to exFAT drives — namely that both Windows and Mac computers can recognize them, so if you need support for both, it's worth formatting your drive to exFAT.

If you need help determining what hard drive format to use, use exFAT since it works with most operating systems. Though most hard drives come in NTFS, you may need to buy one and then reformat it. Remember, it can be challenging to reformat an HFS+ or APFS drive if you need to use it on Windows.

Physical Size

The physical size of an external hard drive doesn't necessarily translate to the amount of storage space, particularly with the advent of flash storage. You only have a say in the physical size of a hard drive when it comes to solid-state drives, as there are standard sizes for hard disk drives.

Hard disk drives spinning disks are either 2.5-inch or 3.5-inch sizes. A typical portable hard disk drive size is 4.35 x 3.23 x 0.59 inches. Smaller desktop hard drives come in at around 7 x 5 inches and range up from there.

Solid-state hard drives can be much smaller, making them much more portable. A fairly average size for solid-state drives is 3.79 x 1.95 x 0.35 inches.

Security

External hard drives can contain features designed to keep files more secure, which might be vital if you use yours to store sensitive information. For example, some hard drives offer password protection by default, meaning you can easily set a password to keep all your files safe.

Some also provide high-level encryption, rendering your files useless to those who don’t have your password, even if they somehow hack into the drive.

Buffer

A hard drive buffer is essentially storage between the computer and the actual storage in a hard drive. Users can access files stored by the hard drive in the buffer far quicker than those stored in the primary storage of a hard drive, and the bigger the hard drive buffer — sometimes called the cache — the better the overall performance the drive is likely to have.

Generally speaking, you only need to consider the buffer size if you run software from your hard drive. If all you’re doing is storing files, the type of drive and the speed of the disk will be much more critical.

If you need a hard drive with a larger buffer, we recommend getting one with at least a 64MB cache, though those with 128MB and even 256MB are pretty common, too.

Price

The price can vary drastically depending on the type of hard drive and the amount of storage you opt for.

Hard disk drives are much cheaper than solid-state drives, so an HDD is the way to go if you need a lot of storage at a reasonable price. You can expect to pay as little as 3 cents per GB for an HDD.

On the other hand, it's not uncommon to see a solid-state drive that runs into 25 cents per GB. Lower-capacity SSDs might cost 40 cents per GB, while 2TB SSDs might come at 20 cents. Of course, that still makes for a drive that costs hundreds of dollars.

Toshiba Canvio Advance

Lifewire / Erika Rawes

FAQ
  • Should I buy an external hard drive or a USB flash drive?

    If you're looking for a large amount of storage, faster transfer speeds, and are okay with a large form factor and higher cost, an external drive is the best option. A USB flash drive may be better for smaller amounts of data in the most portable size (and even greater plug-and-play convenience).

  • Are external hard drives good for backing up data?

    For long-term backup, traditional HDDs, including external options, are the best solution, providing the most data stability and capacity for the price (or for a faster solution at a higher price tag, an SSD, possibly an SSD in an external enclosure).

  • What's the difference between USB 2.0, USB 3.0, USB-C, etc. external drives?

    The USB standard a drive relies upon to connect to your devices will determine a number of things about its potential performance, including maximum transfer rate. For instance, the transfer ceiling for USB 3.0 is theoretically ten times higher than 2.0. Letters following a USB designation (like USB-A, USB-B, or USB-C) indicate the physical type of connection; USB-A is the familiar rectangle most associated with the standard, while USB-C is a reversible flat oval.

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